What is a Beneficial Owner / Ultimate Beneficial Owner (UBO)?

The ultimate beneficial owner refers to the natural person(s) who ultimately owns or controls a customer and/or the natural person on whose behalf a transaction is being conducted. It also includes those persons who exercise ultimate effective control over a legal person or arrangement.

Beneficial ownership is determined under both a control prong and an ownership prong. Under the control prong, the beneficial owner is a single individual with significant responsibility to control, manage, or direct a legal entity customer. This includes, an executive officer or senior manager (Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operating Officer, President), or any other individual who regularly performs similar functions. One beneficial owner must be identified under the control prong for each legal entity customer. Under the ownership prong, the beneficial owner could be an entity or individual owning more than 25% of the legal entity either directly or indirectly.